Kumana Bird Sanctuary: A paradise for migratory and endemic birds

Kumana Bird Sanctuary, officially known as Kumana National Park, is one of Sri Lanka’s most important bird sanctuaries and a premier destination for birdwatchers. Located in the Eastern Province, bordering the well-known Yala National Park, Kumana spans an area of approximately 35,665 hectares. It is celebrated for its spectacular birdlife, wetlands, and unspoiled natural landscapes.

The sanctuary is especially famous for its Kumana Villu, a 200-hectare natural swamp that becomes a nesting and breeding ground for thousands of birds between April and July. This thriving wetland habitat attracts a vast number of waterfowl and wading birds, both resident and migratory. Visitors can witness species such as painted storks, spoonbills, pelicans, egrets, herons, ibises, and even rare black-necked storks. Migratory birds from as far as Siberia, India, and the Himalayas arrive seasonally, making it an internationally recognized hotspot for avian diversity.

Kumana’s ecosystem is not limited to birds alone it also supports a wide range of wildlife, including elephants, leopards, jackals, and reptiles. Its dry zone forest, mangroves, lagoons, and grasslands create a unique blend of habitats that sustain rich biodiversity.

Historically, Kumana was designated as a bird sanctuary in 1938 and later elevated to national park status in 2006. Despite being less crowded than other parks like Yala, it offers a more tranquil and immersive experience, ideal for nature lovers and photographers seeking close encounters with wildlife in a serene setting.

Today, Kumana Bird Sanctuary stands as one of Sri Lanka’s finest eco tourism destinations, combining natural beauty with exceptional birdwatching opportunities. It remains a vital conservation site, ensuring the protection of migratory routes and safeguarding the country’s avian heritage.